Accompanying story: The evolution of DNA testing in Nebraska
It's commonly believed the 1989 conviction of Joseph White for the murder of Helen Wilson predated DNA testing in criminal cases, but that's not completely accurate.
The evidence that would exonerate Joseph White and five others convicted in the 1985 murder and rape of Helen Wilson was preserved in the basement of the Beatrice Police Department for more than 20 years. The 2001 Nebraska DNA Testing Act cleared the way for White to get approval for the tests that cleared their names. ( ROBERT BECKER/Lincoln Journal Star)
It's commonly believed the 1989 conviction of Joseph White for
the murder of Helen Wilson predated DNA testing in criminal cases,
but that's not completely accurate.
DNA profiling was first used in 1987 to convict a man in England
who raped and killed two young girls.
Later the same year, the nation's first DNA exoneration involved
a man named Gary Dotson, convicted in 1977 of raping a 16-year-old
girl in Illinois. In 1985, the victim recanted, saying she had sex
with a boyfriend and needed a story in case she got pregnant.
After months of legal wrangling, a semen stain from the girl's
underwear - a sample now 10 years old - matched the DNA of the
boyfriend and excluded Dotson. The courts exonerated Dotson in
1989, the same year White was convicted of the Beatrice
homicide.
White had read about the case and asked his attorneys to request
DNA profiling for him. They refused, White said, calling it too
risky - tantamount to saying they thought he was guilty.
So in 1990, White asked the judge to grant DNA testing. The
prosecution argued the 5-year-old sample would have degraded too
much. The judge denied White's request.
It would take another 17 years for White to win the right to DNA
testing. In 2008, the tests cleared him and five others by using
biological samples now 23 years old.
Joseph White thought one thing could prove him innocent of the
1985 rape and murder of Helen Wilson.
The evidence that would exonerate Joseph White and five others convicted in the 1985 murder and rape of Helen Wilson was preserved in the basement of the Beatrice Police Department for more than 20 years. The 2001 Nebraska DNA Testing Act cleared the way for White to get approval for the tests that cleared their names. ( ROBERT BECKER/Lincoln Journal Star)